English writer
La Violette, Austrian ballet dancer and wife of actor David Garrick
French composer
English poet and the inventor of shorthand
Head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States
Italian composer
Italian cardinal and grandnephew of Pope Alexander VIII
German-Austrian composer, publisher, and conductor
King of Bavaria
French-British natural philosopher and freemason
In Salem, Massachusetts, Sarah Good, Sarah Osborne, and Tituba, a West Indian slave, were the first to be accused of witchcraft. Over the next few months, 200 people would be accused and 20 would be executed in the infamous Salem Witch Trials.
Theodore Roosevelt appointed a 7-man commission to oversee the completion of the Panama Canal, which had been started by the French but abandoned due to difficulties and high mortality rates among workers. The canal would be completed in 1914, revolutionizing international trade and travel.
One of the deadliest earthquakes in history, the Agadir earthquake in Morocco killed between 12,000 and 15,000 people, about a third of the city's population. The quake also destroyed much of the city's infrastructure, leaving survivors without food, water, or medical supplies.
After serving as Canadian Prime Minister for 15 years, Pierre Trudeau announced his resignation. Trudeau was a prominent figure in Canadian politics, known for his progressive policies, bilingualism, and advocacy for Canadian independence from the British monarchy.
Dutch scientists successfully produced solid helium for the first time, demonstrating the effects of extreme cold on matter. Solid helium has since been used in a variety of scientific experiments and research.
Czechoslovakia, a newly formed state in Central Europe, adopted a democratic constitution aimed at establishing its independence from Germany and the Soviet Union. The constitution was based on principles of equal rights, democracy, and civil liberties.
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