Peru, a country in western South America, is a treasure trove of rich cultural heritage, breathtaking landscapes, and exciting outdoor activities. From the mysterious Inca city of Machu to the vibrant city of Lima, Peru has something to offer for every kind of traveler. Here are some fascinating facts that showcase why Peru is a travel gem.
1. The Geoglyphs of Nazca
The Nazca Lines are a series of large geoglyphs etched into the desert floor, depicting various animals and geometric shapes. These mysterious designs are a UNESCO World Heritage Site and can only be fully appreciated from the air, leaving many to wonder about their purpose and creation.
2. The Rainbow Mountain
Vinicunca, also known as Rainbow Mountain, is a breathtaking natural wonder with vibrant stripes of color created by the presence of different minerals. The scenic hike to the mountain is a challenging but rewarding experience, offering stunning views of the surrounding landscape.
3. The Ancient Inca City of Machuigen
Machuigen, or Machu, is an Inca citadel set high in the Andes Mountains, built in the 15th century. This ancient city is a masterpiece of engineering and architecture, with its stone structures and terracing systems still intact, showcasing the ingenuity of the Inca civilization.
4. The Amazon Rainforest
Peru is home to a significant portion of the Amazon Rainforest, the largest tropical rainforest in the world. The Peruvian Amazon is teeming with exotic wildlife, including monkeys, macaws, and jaguars, making it a paradise for nature lovers and adventure seekers.
5. The Floating Islands of Lake Titicaca
The Uros people have lived on floating islands made of reeds on Lake Titicaca for centuries. These artificial islands are a testament to the ingenuity and craftsmanship of the Uros, who have adapted to life on the water, creating a unique and fascinating culture.
6. The Inca Trail to Machuigen
The Inca Trail is a four-day hike that follows the original Inca route to Machuigen, passing through cloud forests, mountain passes, and archaeological sites. This iconic trek is a once-in-a-lifetime experience, offering breathtaking views and a glimpse into the history and culture of the Inca Empire.
7. The Colca Canyon
The Colca Canyon is one of the deepest canyons in the world, twice as deep as the Grand Canyon. The canyon is home to the Andean condor, and visitors can witness these majestic birds soaring overhead, as well as experience the traditional villages and hot springs in the area.
8. The Vibrant City of Lima
Lima, the capital city of Peru, is a vibrant and cosmopolitan metropolis, known for its rich cultural heritage, stunning architecture, and world-class cuisine. From the historic center to the trendy neighborhoods of Barranco and Miraflores, Lima has something to offer for every interest and taste.
9. The Traditional Textiles of Peru
Peruvian textiles are renowned for their vibrant colors and intricate patterns, reflecting the country's rich cultural diversity.
Visitors can learn about the traditional weaving techniques and see the beautiful fabrics being created, as well as purchase unique handicrafts to take home.
10. The Sacred Valley of the Incas
The Sacred Valley is a scenic and historic region that follows the Urubamba River, passing through traditional villages, archaeological sites, and stunning landscapes.
This valley was the heart of the Inca Empire, and its beauty and spiritual energy continue to inspire visitors from around the world.
11. The Peruvian Cuisine
Peruvian cuisine is a fusion of indigenous, Spanish, African, and Asian flavors, creating a unique and delicious gastronomic experience. From ceviche to lomo saltado, and from picarones to suspiro de limeña, Peruvian dishes are a must-try for any food lover.
12. The Festivals and Celebrations
Peru is known for its vibrant festivals and celebrations, which showcase the country's rich cultural heritage.
The Inti Raymi festival, the Fiestas de la Vendimia, and the Fiestas de Q'oyllur Rit'i are just a few examples of the many colorful and lively events that take place throughout the year.
13. The Ancient City of Chan Chan
Chan Chan is the largest mud city in the world, built by the Chimú civilization in the 9th century. This vast archaeological site is a testament to the ingenuity and craftsmanship of the Chimú people, who created a complex and sophisticated urban center.
14. The Peruvian Amazon Wildlife
The Peruvian Amazon is home to an incredible array of wildlife, including monkeys, macaws, jaguars, and pink river dolphins. Visitors can explore the rainforest, stay in eco-lodges, and take guided tours to spot these amazing creatures in their natural habitat.
15. The Glaciers of the Andes
The Andes Mountains are home to several impressive glaciers, including the stunning Pastoruri Glacier. Visitors can hike to the glacier, take in the breathtaking views, and learn about the impact of climate change on these natural wonders.
16. The Traditional Andean Music
Andean music is a unique and soulful expression of Peruvian culture, featuring instruments such as the quena, the siku, and the charango.
Visitors can experience the vibrant rhythms and melodies of Andean music at festivals, concerts, and traditional gatherings.
17. The Kuelap Fortress
Kuelap is an ancient fortress built by the Chachapoyan civilization, perched on a mountaintop and surrounded by stunning scenery.
This impressive archaeological site is often referred to as the "Machuigen of the North," and offers breathtaking views and a glimpse into the region's history.
18. The Amazon River
The Amazon River originates in the Peruvian Andes and flows through the rainforest, providing a lifeline for the incredible array of wildlife and indigenous communities.
Visitors can take a boat tour, stay in an eco-lodge, or explore the riverbanks to experience the beauty and majesty of the Amazon.
19. The Peruvian Surf Culture
Peru has a thriving surf culture, with world-class waves and stunning beaches along its Pacific coast. Visitors can take surfing lessons, rent boards, and enjoy the laid-back atmosphere of coastal towns like Mancora and Huacas del Sol.
20. The stargazing in the Atacama Desert
The Atacama Desert in southern Peru is one of the best places in the world for stargazing, due to its incredibly clear skies and lack of light pollution. Visitors can take a guided tour, stay in a desert lodge, and marvel at the breathtaking views of the stars and planets in the night sky.
21. The Maras Salt Mines
The Maras salt mines are a fascinating archaeological site, where salt has been harvested for centuries using traditional methods. Visitors can explore the salt pools, learn about the history of salt production, and take in the stunning views of the surrounding landscape.
22. The Traditional Medicine of the Andes
The Andes are home to a rich tradition of herbal medicine, with many plants and remedies used to treat a variety of ailments. Visitors can learn about the traditional medicine of the Andes, visit local markets, and see the various plants and herbs used in traditional remedies.
23. The Inca Bridges
The Incas were master bridge builders, constructing impressive suspension bridges using local materials like cane and wood.
Visitors can see examples of these bridges, which were used for centuries to cross rivers and ravines, and learn about the engineering skills of the Incas.
24. The Peruvian Horse
The Peruvian horse is a unique and elegant breed, known for its striking appearance and smooth gait. Visitors can see these beautiful horses at haciendas and estancias, where they can learn about their history, and breed, and take a ride through the countryside.
25. The Traditional Pottery of Peru
Peruvian pottery is a vibrant and colorful art form, with many different styles and techniques used to create beautiful ceramics.
Visitors can see potters at work, learn about the history and techniques of Peruvian pottery, and take home a unique and handmade souvenir.
26. The Andean High Plateau
The Andean high plateau is a unique and breathtaking region, with stunning landscapes, traditional villages, and a rich cultural heritage. Visitors can explore the plateau, visit local communities, and experience the harsh yet beautiful environment of the high Andes.
27. The Peruvian Coffee
Peruvian coffee is a high-quality and flavorful coffee, grown in the Andean regions of the country. Visitors can visit coffee plantations, learn about the production process, and taste some of the best coffee in the world.
28. The Chachapoyan Archaeological Site
The Chachapoyan archaeological site is a fascinating and little-visited site, featuring impressive ruins, stunning views, and a rich cultural heritage.
Visitors can explore the site, learn about the history and culture of the Chachapoyans, and take in the breathtaking scenery.
29. The Amazon River Dolphins
The Amazon River dolphins are a unique and fascinating creature, found in the freshwater rivers and streams of the Peruvian Amazon.
Visitors can take a boat tour, spot these beautiful creatures in their natural habitat, and learn about conservation efforts to protect them.
30. The Textile Museum of Lima
The Textile Museum of Lima is a world-class museum, showcasing the rich and diverse textile heritage of Peru. Visitors can see exhibits on traditional weaving, embroidery, and other textile arts, and learn about the history and cultural significance of Peruvian textiles.
31. The Sillustani Ruins
The Sillustani ruins are a fascinating and atmospheric site, featuring impressive stone structures, stunning views, and a rich cultural heritage. Visitors can explore the site, learn about the history and culture of the Colla people, and take in the breathtaking scenery.
32. The Peruvian Wine
Peruvian wine is a growing and improving industry, with many high-quality wines produced in the country's wine regions. Visitors can visit vineyards, learn about the production process, and taste some of the best wines in Peru.
33. The Inti Raymi Festival
The Inti Raymi festival is a vibrant and colorful celebration, held in Cusco to commemorate the winter solstice.
Visitors can experience the stunning costumes, music, and dance of the festival, and learn about the history and cultural significance of this important event in the Peruvian calendar.
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Anne Kostick has been Editor-in-Chief since September 2007. Previously, Anne was a principal at Foxpath IND, a publishing, consulting and editorial services company specializing in the transition to and from traditional content publishing and online content management, development and publishing. Her clients included trade book publishers, technology and financial services Web sites, and arts and cultural institutions. Previously, she worked as Licensing and Product Development Director, Senior Acquisitions Editor and Director of Electronic Publishing for Workman Publishing, and as Senior Acquisitions Editor for Harry N. Abrams/Stewart, Tabori & Chang. In the online world she worked as Director of Content Development for Vitaminshoppe.com. Anne has a B.A. in Greek and Latin, with a minor in Theater, from Beloit College. She is the author of several books for children, as well as a definitive collection of jokes.